閱讀測驗是很多考生畏懼的英文題型之一，其實閱讀測驗的解題並不難，因為外國人寫文章都愛用破題法，只要看第一段即可知道文章大概在講什麼內容。例如在此篇文章的第一段中，有提到“disease” (疾病)、“mindful” (留意的)、“mindless” (不留意的)，所以文章一定跟“疾病與留意”有關。
|
|
Even when a disease may appear to progress inexorably, our |
|
|
reactions to it can be mindful or mindless and thus influence its |
|
|
effects. A very common mindset is the conviction that cancer means |
|
|
death. Even if a tumor has not yet had any effect on any body |
|
5 |
function, or how you feel physically, rarely will you think of yourself as |
|
|
healthy after having a malignancy diagnosed. At the same time, |
|
|
there are almost certainly people walking around with undiagnosed |
|
|
cancer who consider themselves healthy, and may remain so. Yet |
|
|
many doctors have noticed that, following a diagnosis of cancer, |
|
10 |
some patients seem to go into a decline that has little to do with the |
|
|
actual course of the disease. But they needn’t. By reinterpreting the |
|
|
context, they might avoid the unnecessary failure attributable to fear |
|
|
alone. |
|
|
In recent years there has been much new research that now |
|
15 |
supports the value of a mindful approach in handling a variety of |
|
|
health situations such as pain. Patients have been successfully |
|
|
taught to tolerate rather severe pain by seeing how pain varies |
|
|
depending on context (thinking of bruises incurred during a football |
|
|
game that are easily tolerated, versus the attention we require to |
|
20 |
nurse a mere paper cut). |
( ) 1. What does “conviction” refer to in the passage?
(A) Firm belief (B) Popular saying (C) Common myth (D) First impression
( ) 2. According to the passage, why does some patients’ health decline after being told of a diagnosis of cancer?
(A) They are frightened by chemotherapy.
(B) They do not have faith in their doctors.
(C) They are worried that their cancer is fatal.
(D) They worry too much about their medical bill.
( ) 3. According to the passage, what would be a mindful approach to handling pain?
(A) Patients are given more pain relievers to kill pain.
(B) Patients are told to forget pain in meditation.
(C) Patients are taught to take pain in different contexts.
(D) Patients are demanded to take pain calmly.
英銘老師：閱讀測驗是很多考生畏懼的英文題型之一，其實閱題測驗的的解題並不難，因為外國人寫文章都愛用破題法，只要看第一段即可知道文章大概在講什麼內容。例如在此篇文章的第一段中，有提到“disease” (疾病)、“mindful” (留意的)、“mindless” (不留意的)，所以文章一定跟“疾病與留意”有關。
第1題：文章中的“conviction”，指得是什麼？根據文章的第3行至第4行，得知一種常見的心態就是確信癌症意味著死亡，因此答案是(A)。
補充：
conviction n. 定罪、確信、說服力 (always)
Terry has no previous convictions.
Terry沒有前科。
It is their firm conviction that a step forward has been taken.
他們堅信已經向前邁進了一步。
Meg put on a smile, but it didn't carry much conviction.
儘管Meg在笑，但是沒有很大的說服力。
第2題：根據這篇文章，為什麼有的病人在被告知罹患癌症後健康會衰退？根據文章的第12行至第13行，得知病人只是害怕，才會使得健康衰退，所以答案是(C)。
補充：
fear v. n. 害怕 (always)
We have nothing to fear.
我們沒有什麼可以害怕的。
Confidence is greater than fear.
信心比恐懼更強大。
同義：dread, fright.
fatal adj. 致命的、毀滅性的 (always)
There have been many fatal crashes at this intersection.
這個十字路口已有多起致命車禍發生。
Mr. Floyd committed a fatal mistake.
Floyd先生犯了一個無可挽回的錯誤。
第3題：根據這篇文章，在處理疼痛時，什麼是留意的方法？根據文章的第16行至第18行，得知藉由看到疼痛根據不同的背景而變化，來成功地教導病人容忍相當嚴重的痛苦，所以答案是(C)。
補充：
context n. 上下文、來龍去脈(背景) (always)
Without a context, I wouldn't have understood the phrase.
如果沒有上下文，我就不會瞭解這句話。
Furious crowd insisted that the police give the context of the case.
憤怒的群眾堅持要求警方說明事情的整個來龍去脈。
※更多關於字彙的補充，請參考「國考英文字彙一把抓」。